roj nruab nrab

Peb ua hauj lwm nrog cov koom haum ntxawg uas saib xyuas peb transmission lub nruab. Cov pab pawg neeg pom zoo kom peb tej nkev lub nruab muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Cov koom haum no muaj xws li:

• California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC)
• Lub U.S. Department of Transportation Pipeline thiab Hazardous khoom kev ruaj ntseg administration (PHMSA)
• Lub National tsheb thauj mus los nyab xeeb Board (NTSB)

Peb tag nrho ua hauj lwm aids peb nyob rau hauv kev ntsuam xyuas peb cov ntaub ntawv, thiab xyuas, kev sojntsuam thiab kuaj pipelines thoob plaws hauv peb tag nrho tej nkev pipeline lawv. Peb sab saum toj yog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm peb tej nkev lawv.

Peb twb noj tej yam tseem ceeb los txhim kho cov kev ruaj ntseg thiab haujlwm ntawm peb tej nkev lawv. Peb strive kom koj thiab cov zej zog peb pab zoo. Peb tes haujlwm muaj xws li:

• Sau xya tus kev ruaj ntseg pom zoo los ntawm cov NTSB
• Validating qhov ntau pub kev khiav hauj lwm siab rau tag nrho 6,750 mais ntawm roj transmission pipelines
•  Converting ntau tshaj 3.7 vam cov ntaub ntawv yuav rov qab 50 xyoo. Peb ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv rau peb tshiab Geographic Information System (GIS) ces teb technicians tau zoo tuaj saib cov ntaub ntawv
• Lub zog kuaj los yog validating ua ntej lub zog kuaj ntawm 456 mais ntawm transmission pipeline
• Hloov 55 mais ntawm pipeline
• Retrofitting 78 mais ntawm pipeline pub rau hauv-kab inspections
• Automating 76 valves
• Ua tau zoo hauv-kab kev soj ntsuam ntawm 39 mais ntawm transmission pipe
•  Kev txhim kho leak teb lub sij hawm los ntawm plaub quartile ua ntej quartile nationally
• Partnering nrog cov neeg teb thiab pej xeem kev nyab xeeb rau txhim khu kev qha cov kev pab cuam npaj kev kawm
• Tsim ntau tshaj 300 workshops nrog thawj teb
• Ntxiv rau tshiab mobile Command Center tsheb rau peb fleet. Peb packed lub tsheb nrog cov cuab yeej uas crews yuav tsum tau chaw nyob thaum muaj xwm ceev hauv daim teb

Tom qab lub Cuaj hlis 2010 San Bruno pipeline sib tsoo, peb substantially txo lub siab rau pipelines uas muaj segments nrog characteristics zoo ib yam li cov pipeline uas ruptured. Qhov no yog tau ua ib precautionary kauj ruam mus txog rau thaum peb yuav tshawb kom paub meej tias cov pipelines.

Nco ntsoov cov lus qhia nram qab no:

• Paub txog tej nkev teeb meem los hnov tsw, pom los yog suab.
• Paub yuav ua li cas nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm ib qho xwm ceev, uas yog, ib txwm tawm hauv cheeb tsam, hu rau 9-1-1 thiab hu PG&E ntawm 1-800-743-5000.
• Paub dab tsi yog underneath koj ua ntej koj khawb. Hu rau 8-1-1 dawb underground chaw tso dej marking qhov kev pab cuam.

Peb nquag leak sojntsuam thiab soj ntsuam tag nrho peb pipelines. Peb sim qhia tej yam tshwm sim uas puas tsuaj, av erosion thiab lwm yam kev txhawj xeeb uas yuav muaj feem xyuam rau txoj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kab. Peb kuj siv cathodic tiv thaiv lub nruab los tiv thaiv corrosion.

Peb ua raws li txawm stricter kev ruaj ntseg qauv rau peb loj-diameter transmission pipelines,. Peb soj ntsuam thiab kuaj loj-diameter transmission pipelines siv ntau txoj kev. Txoj kev muaj pipeline li nruab nrog sensors thiab koob yees duab uas mus txawv tebchaws ntev ntawm ib pipeline. Ib tug ntaus ntawv, hu ua ib tug "ntse npua," tej lub hom phiaj in-line inspections. Peb kuj cwjpwm hydrostatic siab kuaj. Qhov kev kuaj no variant ntawm kev kuaj no yuav them cov kav dej nrog dej siab pressures kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg qhia tej weaknesses. Peb kuj khawb tau lub pipelines ncaj qha mus ntsuam xyuas lawv.

Kev soj ntsuam yog ib qho zoo txheej txheem rau kev taw qhia tej coating puas. Coating yog thawj theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov hlau lead-inducing lwm corrosion. Lub tshuab no kuj ntsuam xyuas tam sim no ntawm cathodic kev tiv thaiv, uas pab qhia cov tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej ntawm cov kav dej. Kev soj ntsuam yuav tau nyob ze li ntawm tej pipeline, tsis hais nws diameter los yog configuration.

Leak surveys pab peb paub txog tej teeb meem nyob rau hauv ib roj transmission pipeline. Cov teeb meem yuav muaj feem xyuam rau txoj kev ntseeg txog cov kav dej los yog lub lag luam ntawm lub transmission lawv. Leak surveys cia ntau yam tshuab, xws li los ntawm combustible roj indicators rau tshiab infrared thiab laser li.

Ntau txoj kab soj ntsuam, los yog hauv-kab kev soj ntsuam (ILI) li muaj. Tus li yuav nruab nrog robotic koob yees duab thiab sensors mus xyuas pipe thickness thiab welds thaum detecting flaws thiab corrosion. Txawm tias ntse npua zoo, lawv siv txwv rau tej hom kav dej. Muaj ntau peb pipelines tau tsim thiab ua ntej ntse npua tshuab yog tsim. Ib txhia peb pipelines yuav tsum tau reconstruction kom haum raws li daim ntawv no ntawm kev soj ntsuam.

Hydrostatic kuaj dej-siab kuaj ib pipeline. Nws yog ib txoj kev proven txoj kev uas paub tseeb hais tias lub peev xwm ntawm ib nkev pipeline. Peb xav kom peb lawv khiav lag luam ntawm ib theem zoo siab. Hydrostatic kuaj no kuj siv los kuaj tej yam khoom li scuba tanks, hluav taws extinguishers thiab cua compressor tanks.

Ib hydrostatic kuaj yuav pressurizing ib seem ntawm pipe nrog dej. Lub siab kuaj ntawm ib feem pua ntawm cov kav dej ntau tshaj tsim lub zog rau tej nkev. Qhov no verifies lub peev xwm ntawm ib pipeline kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg khiav lag luam ntawm lub siab los yog siab. Qhov kev kuaj ntawd kuj qhia tsis muaj zog uas yuav ua rau defects thiab leaks nyob rau hauv cov kav dej. Ua ib hydrostatic kuaj, tus pipeline yuav tsum tau noj tawm hauv qhov kev pab rau ntau hnub.

Transmission pipelines feem ntau loj thiab khiav lag luam ntawm lub siab dua tis pipelines. Transmission pipelines txav tej nkev ntawm compressor noj thiab cia chaw rau regulators. Regulators txo lub siab ua ntej xeeb lub tis lawv. Lub kaw lus tis noj cov kab me me uas xa roj rau koj lub lag luam los yog lub tsev.

Ib tug kav dej kom zoo yuav muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo rau 100 xyoo los yog ntau tshaj. Pipeline hnub nyoog yog ib qhov zoo tshaj yuav, tab sis tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj yuav uas peb xav txog thaum peb soj ntsuam peb pipelines.

Tsoom fwv teb chaws txoj cai hais tias peb tsim kom muaj MAOP rau tag nrho pipeline lub nruab. MAOP pub rau ib npoo dav ntawm kev ruaj ntseg. Tus MAOP yog ib feem ntawm cov kav dej ua tau xam lub zog. Pipes thiab pipelines feem ntau khiav lag luam zoo hauv qab lub MAOP.

MAOP yog txiav txim tau nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev peb:

• Xam cov specified Yam Tsawg Kawg Nkaus Yield strength (SMYS) ntawm tus yeeb nkab. SMYS yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus siab uas tus yeeb nkab yuav tsum pib deforming. MAOP ces teem rau ib feem ntawm cov SMYS, uas rau ib npoo dav ntawm kev ruaj ntseg.
• Basing nws rau siab kuaj. MAOP yog teem caij hauv qab no lub pressures siv nyob rau hauv lub siab kuaj.
• Basing nws rau lub siab uas tus pipeline tau ua zoo rau xyoo (rau pipe ntsia xyoo dhau los).

Tsoom fwv teb chaws txoj cai yuav tsum tau tias pipeline tswv tsim kom muaj MAOP rau txhua seem pipeline los yog txhua yam ya ntawm peb roj pipeline lawv.

Peb muaj 175,000 automatic over-pressure tiv thaiv valves. Lub valves tiv thaiv pipelines thiab yog activated thaum lub siab tau ib yam nkaus thiab. Peb kuj muaj ib co kab nrog rupture-tswj valves rau kev xav tau. Peb 24-teev roj tswj Center muaj peev xwm sib txuas ib co pipeline lub nruab ntawm tej thaj chaw deb tswj.

Lub valves uas peb siv txawv hauv qab no:

• Manual valves yuav tau ua los ntawm ib tug kawm, tsoom fwv teb chaws cov neeg tsim nyog ntawm qhov chaw valve. Lub valves yog tes-ua los ntawm log los yog iav assemblies. Ib technician kuj siv tau ib wrench qhib ib valve. Tus indicator qhia tau hais tias seb cov valve qhib los yog kaw.
• Automatic shut-off valves mas automated. Automatic valves tsis tas yuav tej thaj chaw deb tswj los yog on-site lag luam. Tib neeg kev cuam tshuam tsis xav tau nrog kev sib txuas shut-off valves thaum tej pipeline mob arise.
• Tej thaj chaw deb-tshuaj valves yuav tau ua los ntawm ib qhov chaw off-site. Peb tswj lub valves ntawm peb 24-teev cov neeg ua hauj lwm gas Control Center.

Roj transmission pipelines feem ntau resistant rau av qeeg txhua puas. Peb cia siab tias peb pipelines mus ua hauj lwm tom qab av qeeg txhua tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj ntseeg tau tias muaj ntau dua pipeline tsis ua hauj lwm los ntawm ib av qeeg txhua, peb ua hauj lwm los tswj qhov uas yuav puas tsuaj rau lub pipeline. Peb nyob nraum kuj hloov tej pipeline seem nrog ib tug tsim uas yog av qeeg txhua-resistant.

PG&E tam sim ntawd mus taug kev lawv tom qab ib av qeeg txhua tshwm sim. Tsocai muaj, peb soj ntsuam cov kab los ntawm qhov siab. Cov kev soj ntsuam pab peb confidently txiav txim seb peb lub cev twb tau mov.

Peb ua hauj lwm nrog lwm cov neeg xws li ua ntej teb thiab pej xeem kev ruaj ntseg. Peb lub hom phiaj yog txhim khu kev kawm rau kev npaj thaum muaj xwm ceev thiab teb. Enhanced kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj xwm ceev, npaj thiab teb cov kev pab cuam uas muaj kev kawm ntawv. Cov kev pab cuam no tsim rau thawj teb, lag, infrastructure departments, zej zog, cov neeg hauv zej zog, schoolchildren thiab lwm stakeholders.

Peb tsim kev kawm ntawv nrog rau cov hom phiaj nram qab no:

• Nce kev kawm ntawv thiab sib tham sib tham nrog thawj teb kom tau raws li thov
• Tsim ib daim ntawv teev npe rau tag nrho cov teb ua ntej teb
• Tso ib lub website ua ntej teb lub website portal
• Tus cwjpwm ob leeg California Independent System Operator (CAISO) thiab CPUC roj curtailment ce, xws li ib tug nyob rau lub yim hli ntuj 12, 2011
• Muab maps, GIS cov ntaub ntawv thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej teb
• Tus Cwjpwm command System (ICS) kev kawm
• Launch ua ntej teb workshops, xws li ib launched hauv plaub lub quarter rau xyoo 2011
• Muab ib tug thawj teb hauv internet portal rau txoj kev kawm downloads
• Teem peb cov neeg sawv cev kom xa onsite txoj kev kawm, xws li txoj kev kawm tauj hauv thawj lub quarter rau 2012

PG& E xav tsim ib lub hom phiaj thaum muaj xwm ceev uas incorporates kawm los ntawm kev ua ntej kev thiab kev lag luam benchmarks. Ib lub hom phiaj coordinated yuav pab xyuas kom meej tias cov lus teb npaj yog embedded nyob rau hauv peb cov haujlwm.

Peb cia siab tias cov kev pab cuam los ntawm peb cov kev pab cuam kev ruaj ntseg:

• Tsawg dua pub leej twg
  
• Ntau-qhia thiab muaj kev ruaj ntseg pej xeem
• Zoo tuaj ua kom sib haum thaum muaj xwm ceev
• Sai restoration lub sij hawm tom qab ib xwm tshwm sim
• Line-of-sight accountability rau kev tiv thaiv, npaj thiab teb kev kawm

Peb nyob nraum tsim ib daim ntawv qhia txog kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm peb cov roj haujlwm kom peb kev kawm. PG& E yog striving coj peb lub cev rau kev lag luam-ua theem. Peb tab tom rov muab qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no raws li ib tug CPUC thov. Qhov no yog qhov siv ntawm ib txoj kev tshiab uas hu rau ib xyoos twg hoob kawm.

Pipelines yog nyob ntawm cov hoob kawm raws li cov pejxeem:

• Hoob Kawm 1. Txog li 10 qhov chaw nyob los yog cov lag luam ib mais ntawm pipeline
• Hoob Kawm 2. 11 los yog ntau qhov chaw nyob los yog cov lag luam ib mais
• Hoob Kawm 3. 46 los yog ntau qhov chaw nyob los yog cov lag luam ib mais
• Hoob Kawm 4. Urban cheeb tsam nrog vaj tse plaub los yog ntau zaj dabneeg

Txoj kev ntsuam xyuas qhia tias tej segments ntawm pipe muaj ib MAOP ntau dua tsim nyog rau qhov chaw tam sim no. Vim li ntawd, PG&E nrhiav tau 7.5 mais ntawm pipeline uas peb yuav tsum txo kev khiav hauj lwm siab. Qhov ntev ntawm lub pipeline consists ntawm ntau luv luv segments nyob rau hauv peb qhov kev pab cuam.

Peb twb tiav siab txo rau kwv yees li ntawm 3.5 mais ntawm pipelines. Peb nyob nraum ntxiv txo lub siab rau lwm 4 mais. Lub dag zog yuav muaj ntau tshaj 30 txawv qhov chaw. Peb nyob nraum ua tib zoo npaj yuav txo lub siab kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg.

Peb nyob nraum tseem soj ntsuam qhov chaw thiab kev khiav hauj lwm pressures rau kwv yees li ntawm 100 mais ntawm pipeline. Peb nyob nraum sim ua hauj lwm kom tiav cov hauj lwm sai li sai tau.

Kev ruaj ntseg yog peb sab saum toj kawg nkaus. Peb nyob nraum paub tseeb tias kev khiav hauj lwm siab rau tag nrho peb kab yog tsim nyog rau txhua qhov chaw. Qhov twg tsim nyog, peb nyob nraum lowering lub siab.

Peb nyob nraum ntxiv peb engineering ua hauj lwm thiab teb upgrades ntawm peb tshiab khiv classified segments. Peb nyob nraum nqa peb lawv rov qab mus rau qhov kev khiav hauj lwm pressures ntxiv, muab sij hawm ntev reliability.

Lub PG&Pipeline kev ruaj ntseg txhim khu kev qha yuav pub peb mus:

• Hloov ntau tshaj 180 mais ntawm pipeline.
• Lub zog kuaj ntau tshaj 780 mais.
• Retrofit li 200 mais kom haum rau hauv-kab inspections.
• Ua tau ntau tshaj 200 mais ntawm in-line soj ntsuam.

Lub PG& Pipeline kev ruaj ntseg txhim khu kev qha tau tsim teb rau qhov kev txiav txim siab CPUC kev txhawj xeeb txog pipeline kev ruaj ntseg tshiab. Peb npaj los siv tej kev cai tshiab CPUC thiab cov kev cai uas nws adopts.

Lub CPUC txiav txim California roj hlauv taws xob los siv lub hom phiaj nyob rau lub rau hli ntuj xyoo 2011. Ua ntej hnub ntawd, PG&E twb pib noj tes hauj lwm kho peb roj transmission pipelines. Cov kauj ruam tau tag nrho noj ua ntej qhov kev txiav txim CPUC, thiab peb nyob nraum ntxiv qhov chaw ua hauj lwm hnub no.

Tsis tau, lub hom phiaj nruab nrab yog ib feem ntawm peb txoj kev npaj txhim khu roj transmission kev ruaj ntseg. Peb nyob nraum kev txhim kho peb tag nrho cov roj haujlwm los ntawm lub zog kuaj los yog hloov tag nrho ua ntej 1970 pipelines. Lub hom phiaj kuj muaj xws li:

• Installation ntawm automatic shut-off valves
• Txhim kho nyob rau hauv recordkeeping
• Kev nyab xeeb kev ruaj ntseg
• Cov lus teb thaum muaj xwm ceev

PG& E tsim ib cais kev khiav hauj lwm rau peb cov roj haujlwm. Pab neeg no yog coj los ntawm ib tug roj haujlwm ua hauj lwm uas theem 30 xyoo kev nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho tej lub teb chaws hiob roj lub nruab. Peb nyob nraum tseem siv sab kev hloov hla lub tuam txhab kom pej xeem kev ruaj ntseg.

Lub Pipeline kev ruaj ntseg txhim khu kev qha tshiab ntxawg ntxawg yuav tsum tau. Qhov yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj ib tug paub npoo ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thoob peb roj transmission lawv. Lub hom phiaj incorporates cov nram qab no:

• Cov tshooj lus ntawm cov San Bruno sib tsoo
• NTSB pom zoo
• Ywj siab hais txog vaj huam sib luag tshawb pom
• Kev lag luam benchmarking

Peb lub hom phiaj kuj considers feedback los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb regulators, kev lag luam ua hauj lwm, hlauv taws xob thiab lwm yam xav ob tog.

Lub siab kuaj thiab hloov ua hauj lwm yuav tau ua nyob rau hauv ib tug txiv neej uas pab kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub zej zog surrounding. Peb cov neeg muas zaub outreach yog tsim los muab cov lus qhia nram qab no:

• Thaum teem lub sij hawm teem tseg
• Peb nyob nraum ua dab tsi
• Dab tsi yuav cia siab tias ntawd kev kuaj ntawd ntev, tej yam kev pab thiab txwv tsis pub muaj kev txwv

Tej zaum, tej zaum peb yuav tau kaw txoj kev los yog nug cov neeg muas zaub vacate lawv tsev thaum ib txoj kev kuaj ntawd yog ua. Peb cov neeg muas zaub outreach kev siv zog yog tsim los minimize inconvenience. Peb xav muab cov lus qhia kom cov neeg muas zaub thiab lub zej zog paub yuav cia siab tias.

Lub PG& E npaj siab rau automate 228 valves hauv Phase 1.

Kwv yees li ntawm 60 feem pua ntawm automation mais yuav tau ntsia rau pipelines nyob hauv lub Bay Area. Nyob rau xyoo 2011, peb automated 29 valves rau lub San Francisco ceg av qab teb.

Automatic valves muaj cov kev pab cuam nram qab no:

• Shutting tawm roj pipelines sai sai
• Rho tawm ib ya ntawm pipeline yog hais tias nws ruptures
• Chaw Rau Cov Neeg Ua Hauj Lwm Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev
• Txo tej ntshai heev txawm ntshai heev txawm rau pej xeem thiab cov cuab yeej
• Minimizing cuab yeej puas
• Minimizing lub quantity ntawm roj tso thaum ib pipeline rupture
• Txo tej yam uas roj leaks

Ib tug neeg thaj tsam li yuav muaj ib tug nqi nruab nrab hli nce ntawm $1.93, ntawm $45.23 rau $47.16. Ib tug neeg lag luam me yuav muaj ib tug nqi nruab nrab hli nce ntawm $14.96, ntawm $279.80 rau $294.75.